中文字幕日韩精品亚洲七区,亚洲av无码乱码国产精品久久,亚洲爆乳精品无码一区二区,亚洲毛片不卡av在线播放一区,中文字幕乱码在线播放

我們都知道，英語中主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句的切換可以影響句子想表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。例如下面兩個(gè)句子所說的含義都一致(Joe 扇了the boy 一巴掌)，但是兩句的重點(diǎn)卻不同。主動(dòng)句中，重點(diǎn)在主語(Joe); 而被動(dòng)句中，重點(diǎn)在賓語the boy上。

主動(dòng)句: Joe slapped the boy.

被動(dòng)句: The boy was slapped by Joe

了解了句子的主被動(dòng)差別后， 我們?cè)賮砜纯戳魧W(xué)生論文寫作中，到底該如何選擇合適的句式~

↓↓↓

1. 主動(dòng)句往往更加清晰，直接，準(zhǔn)確;

√ Active voice: Joe found a relationship between stress and high blood pressure. (10 words)

而被動(dòng)句則需要用更多的單詞來表達(dá)清楚同樣的含義， 這會(huì)讓句子的表達(dá)顯得贅述：

× Passive voice: The relationship between stress and high blood pressure was found in the study conducted by Joe. (16 words)

所以，為了讓論文句式更加direct, clear, and concise，大家可以多多使用主動(dòng)句式。

另外一個(gè)例子：

× The research which had been undertaken by the university was critiqued from an ethical point of view and was promptly retracted by them.

這里連續(xù)被動(dòng)句的使用讓句子變得贅述無比。所以，為了讓句子看起來更加簡(jiǎn)潔，可以嘗試多用主動(dòng)句。

2. 但這并不意味著被動(dòng)句就一無是處，在如下3種情況下， 被動(dòng)句往往更優(yōu)。

a) 當(dāng)想強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的接收者時(shí);比如，在寫論文的methods 環(huán)節(jié)，往往用被動(dòng)句，能把讀者的注意力拉到實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象上(主要信息)。

×We stored the bacteria in a test tube for one year. (active)

√The bacteriawere stored in a test tube for one year. (passive)

如果這里使用主動(dòng)句，實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象 (the bacteria) 就被放在了句子的次要位置，這不利于讀者快速把握到methods 的核心。

b) 為避免使用第一人稱時(shí)，用被動(dòng)句

× I will discuss Kant’s philosophical theories in this essay. (active)

√ Kant’s philosophical theories will be discussed in this essay. (passive)

c) 當(dāng)執(zhí)行動(dòng)作或者發(fā)表言論的人不確定是誰，或者不知道是誰時(shí)

× Someone ambushed the troops at night. (active)

√ The troops were ambushedat night. (passive)